Plied yarn and plied yarn fabric and method of making same



PLIED YARN AND PLIED YARN FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed April13, 1948 Oct. 27, 1953 H JACKSON 2,656,585

INVENTOR. HOW/{5 .5 M14663? "i hziiawzv Java/agar Patented Oct. 27, 1953PLIED YARN AND PLIED YARN FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Howard ByersJackson, Kings Mountain, N. 0., assignor to Neisler Mills, Inc., KingsMountain,

N. 0., a corporation Application April 13, 1948, Serial No. 20,624

6 Claims.

This invention relates to plied textile yarns and fabrics madetherefrom.

In accordance with the present invention the plied yarn is of suchcharacter that the yarn of one of the plies projects from the yarn ofanother ply along the length of the latter whereby fabric woven fromsuch yarn has certain desirable characteristics or properties. Moreparticularly such fabric has a full lofty hand, appears thick incomparison with its weight, and has a somewhat metallic appearance.

The plied yarn of the present invention is produced by plying directspun synthetic yarn, which is shrinkable by wetting, with yarn which isless shrinkable by wetting than said direct spun yarn. The lessshrinkable yarn may be of either natural or synthetic origin and may becontinuous filament yarn or spun yarn which is less shrinkable thandirect spun rayon or nylon yarn. As a result of the differentialwet-shrinkability of the yarns of which the plied yarn is produced, inaccordance with the present invention, wetting of the plied yarn, eitheras yarn, before being incorporated in the fabric, or after it isincorporated in the fabric, results in the direct spun yarn of the pliedyarn shrinking considerably more than the other yarn of the ply, wherebythe latter projects or fiuffs up laterally of the plied yarn. As aresult, the fabric formed from said yarn has the characteristicsreferred to above.

The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference tothe accompanying drawings which however are to be considered asillustrative of the invention but not in limitation thereof. 7

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of a piece of fabricembodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view, on a greatly enlarged scale, of a length of plied yarnof the present invention, before said yarn is treated for shrinking thesame;

Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 2 showing the plied yarn after it issubjected to the shrinking operation.

As shown in Fig. 2, the plied yarn I comprises direct spun syntheticyarn I2 and yarn it which is less shrinkable than said direct spun yarnI2. The direct spun yarn I2 may be produced from filamentary rayon,including nylon, according to any suitable direct spinning process, forexample as described in the application of Charles E. Neisler, Jr.,Serial No. 640,727, filed January 12, 1946, and now abandoned. Asdescribed in said application, direct spun yarn is produced fromcontinuous rayon filaments by tensioning and rupturing said filaments toproduce staplefibers which are spun into yarn. As a result of thetensioning of the filaments, the staple fibers of the spun yarn are inattenuated condition and will shrink considerably when wetted withoutrequiring stretching of the spun yarn. It will be understood that thewetting of the direct spun yarn may be accomplished either by the dyeingoperation or by a separate operation, the former being preferred. Asstated above the less shrinkable yarn I4 may be either natural orsynthetic yarn and if desired may be either continuous filamentary yarnor spun yarn. Said less shrinkable yarn I4 may also be constituted ofdirect spun yarn which has been shrunk before it is plied with thecompanion non-shrunk yarn I2. As shown in Fig. 2 the less shrinkableyarn is twisted around the direct spun yarn I2, the latter being thecore of the plied yarn thus formed.

The plied yarn I0 may now be used to produce the fabric which whenwetted, for example in the dyeing operation, will cause the direct spunyarn I2 to shrink. thereby causing the less shrinkable yarn I4 of theplied yarn to project or fluff laterally of the companion direct spunyarn I2 along the length of the plied yarn, as illustrated more or lessdiagrammatically in Fig. 3 which is to be considered in comparison withFig. 2. The flulfed yarn thus produced by the shrinking operation isindicated at IDA in Fig. 3 and is also indicated by the same referencecharacter in the fabric F shown more or less schematically in Fig. 1.

In the fabric F the plied yarn I 0A is shown as the warp threads of thefabric, the weft threads being indicated at I6, but this maybe reversed.Preferably the threads I 6 are much thinner than the threads formed ofthe plied yarn IGA. and the Weave of the fabric is preferably such thatthe.

face of the fabric is constituted mainly by the threads formed of theplied yarn IOA, while the back of the fabric is constituted mainly bythe thinner threads I6. It will be understood that this result may bereadily accomplished by floating the threads I 6 over a considerablenumber of the plied yarn threads IDA at the back of the fabric. It willbe understood however that I do not limit myself to any particular weaveof fabric, and further it will be understood that the fabric may beformed so that only sections thereof are composed of threads formed ofthe plied yarn IIIA. In this connection it will be understood thatvarious pattern effects may be produced according to the sections of thefabric which are formed of threads of the plied yarn in contrast withsections of fabric which are formed of yarn of different character.Fabrics produced in accordance with the present invention may be made ofyarn of Various sizes according to the intended uses of the fabrics.More particularly, the fabrics may be used for furniture, dresses andother garments, etc.

As illustrated in Figs." 2 and 3' the yarn M is preferably thicker, i.e., of a larger size than the direct spun yarn [2 of the plied yarn. Itwill be understood however that the' two plies" of the plied yarn may beof the same thicknessvonisize or may otherwise vary in thisrespectrelatively to each other depending uponthe desired' effectQ 'iIt is alsopreferred that the lessshr'i'nk'abl'e yarn M of the plied yarn I 0 haveless twist than the more shrinkable yarn [2. In accordance =with thepres- Y ently preferred mode of practicing the..present invention, thedirection-of twist of yarn I2 is opposite that of yarn l4, and in theplying operation the plying twist is in such'direction as to increasethe twist of the directspun yarn l2 and to dec-reasethetwist of the yarnl4.

It-will'be understood that while I have'illustr'ated and descri-bedthepresently preferred form of'my invention, "the latter is susceptibleto'variousbhanges and modes of" practicing the- "same. Accordinglyitwill-be understood that various changesmay be "made without departingfrom the underlying ideaorprinciples of this invention. within'thescope-of the appended claims.

"Having thuszdescribed-my invention,- what f claim and" desire to secureby LettersFatent, is z y 1'. 'A- composite yarncomprising a direct "spunsynthetic yarnwhich is attenuated by the directspinning thereof and isshrinkable when wetted arid-a second yarn which-is 'lessshrinkable bywetting than saidfirst mentioned yarn plied with the "latterin "saidattenuated shrinkable condition thereof whereby when the resultingcoinposite'yarn is wetted-said first mentioned yarn Jshrinks more thansaid "second yarnand the lat- {yarn toprojectlater'allly of said'directspun yarn along the'length thereof-so as to 'producea fiufied pliedyarn.

3. A composite yarn'oomp'risingadirect spun "synthetic yarn-which is"attenuated by the directspin-ning thereof-and is "shrinkable when wetted'anda second-yarn which is thicker andhas -less ..of .ardirect.spumsynthetic yarn which is at- -.tenuated-2by} the direct-spinningthereof and is shrinkable when wetted and a second yarn which.:isdessLshrinkablebywetting than said first men 1'5" tionedyarnpliedwith the latter in said attenuated'shrihkablecondition thereof wherebywhen ithe resulting threads are wetted said first mentioned yarn shrinksmore than said second yarn and the -latter has portions which projectlaterally of said direct spun yarn in said fabric.

The method "of making a fluffed yarn-,comprising the steps of plying adirect spun shrinkable-synthetic yarn which is attenuated bythedirectespinning thereof with a less shrinkable yarn, .and=thereafter-wetting the plied yarn to shrink said direct spunyarn-andthereby cause said less-shrinkable yarn to-project-laterally ofsaiddirect' spunyarn along the length thereof to resultin a flufiedyarn.

6. Themetho d-of making a .flufied fabric, com prising the .steps ofweaving the same from threads including threads 1 :formed of: plied yarncomprising a direct spun shrinkable synthetic yarn which isattenuated bythe direct -spinning thereofplid with-a less-shrinkable yarn, andwetting the woven' fabric. to shrink said direct spun yarn'and therebycause said less shrinkable yarn to project-laterally of said direct spunyarn along the length thereof to result in a fluiied fabric.

HOWARD BYERS JACKSON.

' 'Referenccs Cited in the file of'this patent UNITED STATES PATENTSNumber Name Date 1','976,2O Taylor c =Oct."-9, 1934 :2',098',-980 Sowter"N0v. 16,- 193'? 22,199,429 *Finlay'son et a1. May-'7, 19% 2,218,633Bell etal Oct. 22, 1940 2,497,51 .Neisler, Jr. Feb.-1 l, 1950 2,517,946VonKohorn Aug. 8, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country I Date 547,886Great Britain -w Sept. 16, 194.2 859,275 France Dec. 14, 194%

